美國(guó)高端智庫(kù)的政策專(zhuān)家儲(chǔ)備及其人才吸引機(jī)制研究——以蘭德公司為例

摘要： [目的/意義]對(duì)蘭德公司現(xiàn)職政策專(zhuān)家的履歷和人才吸引機(jī)制進(jìn)行調(diào)研分析,揭示其科技人才儲(chǔ)備特征和人才發(fā)展辦法,為我國(guó)加強(qiáng)中國(guó)特色新型智庫(kù)建設(shè),引進(jìn)和培養(yǎng)高層次人才提供參考與借鑒。[方法/過(guò)程]以美國(guó)蘭德公司的政策專(zhuān)家履歷、年度報(bào)告、帕蒂蘭德研究生院院長(zhǎng)報(bào)告以及官方網(wǎng)站的其他公開(kāi)信息為研究素材,運(yùn)用共現(xiàn)分析法和社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析法對(duì)蘭德公司現(xiàn)職政策專(zhuān)家的人才特征進(jìn)行定量分析,并通過(guò)內(nèi)容分析法洞察其在人才吸納和培養(yǎng)方面的具體機(jī)制和舉措。[結(jié)果/結(jié)論]蘭德公司的政策專(zhuān)家儲(chǔ)備多元平衡,來(lái)自士政商多種渠道,且大多具有多學(xué)科背景,注重定量研究。蘭德公司的人才吸引機(jī)制由科學(xué)的選用、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、評(píng)價(jià)和培養(yǎng)機(jī)制共同構(gòu)成。我國(guó)智庫(kù)應(yīng)注重靈活聘用人才并滿足人才的多層次需要。
[Purpose/Significance]This paper is to investigate the CVs of RAND's elites and analyze the talents attraction mechanism of RAND, reveal the elite group's structure and the characteristic method of talent development. The results will be useful for strengthening the construction of new types of think tanks with Chinese characteristics and it can provide reference for China to introduce and cultivate high-level talents.[Method/Process]Using the RAND's policy experts' resumes, annual reports, the report of the dean of Pardee RAND Graduate School, and other public information on the official website, it quantitatively analyzed the characteristics of RAND's in-service policy experts by using co-occurrence analysis and social network analysis method, and explored its specific mechanisms and initiatives in talent acquisition and development through content analysis.[Result/Conclusion]The study find that the policy experts pool of RAND is multiple and balanced, full of the used-to-be politicians, scholars, students or businessmen, and most of them have a multidisciplinary background, and quantitative research is their focus. The talent attraction mechanism of RAND Corporation consists of scientific selection, reward, evaluation and training mechanisms. Chinese think tanks should focus on flexible employment of talents and meet the multi-level needs of talents.