數(shù)字經濟與國民經濟核算文獻評述

摘要： 數(shù)字經濟發(fā)展對于提升全要素生產率、釋放經濟活力具有重要作用。然而,數(shù)字經濟發(fā)展也給國民經濟核算帶來了挑戰(zhàn),甚至大量研究認為西方國家生產率放緩是由于數(shù)字經濟帶來的核算誤差所致。相關研究發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)字經濟增加了核算名義產出水平的難度,對準確衡量國民消費、投資和進出口總量造成了困難。而數(shù)字經濟引發(fā)的商品質量快速提升和商品更迭速度加快,也容易造成物價指數(shù)被高估,從而造成實際產出水平被低估。此外,數(shù)字經濟發(fā)展帶來的福利提升在現(xiàn)有核算體系下難以衡量。本文根據(jù)現(xiàn)有文獻總結數(shù)字經濟引發(fā)的產出水平、物價水平的核算難點,梳理了數(shù)字經濟核算誤差與生產率悖論相關性的研究探討,并列舉了國外對于改進數(shù)字經濟核算手段的相關貢獻,最后提出了今后研究的潛在方向。
The development of the digital economy plays an important role in boosting TFP and releasing economic vitality. However, the development of the digital economy has also brought challenges to National Economic Accounting. A large number of studies even conclude that the productivity slowdown in Western countries is due to accounting errors brought about by the digital economy. Related studies find that the digital economy has increased the difficulty of measuring nominal output levels, making it difficult to accurately measure national consumption, investment, and total imports and exports. The rapid improvement of the quality of goods and the high rate of commodity changes caused by the digital economy are also likely to overestimate the price index, resulting in an underestimation of actual output levels. In addition, welfare enhancements brought about by the development of the digital economy are difficult to measure under the existing accounting system. Based on the existing literature, this paper summarizes the difficulties in the calculation of output levels and price levels caused by the digital economy, studies the research on the correlation between accounting errors in digital economy and productivity paradox, and lists the contributions made by foreign scholars to improving digital economic accounting methods. Finally, the potential directions for future research are proposed.